LCD is a type of display that uses liquid crystal as the material. Liquid crystal is a type of organic compound that falls between solid and liquid states. At room temperature, it exhibits both the fluidity of liquid and the optical anisotropy of crystals. When heated, it becomes a transparent liquid, and when cooled, it becomes a crystalline turbid solid.
Under the action of an electric field, liquid crystal molecules undergo changes in arrangement, thereby affecting the intensity of the incident beam passing through the liquid crystal. This change in light intensity is further manifested as a change in brightness through the action of polarizers. Based on this, controlling the electric field of liquid crystals can achieve changes in the brightness of light, thereby achieving the purpose of information display.
Today we are going to learn about monochrome display on monitors. Let's take a look together with the editor.
LCD technology is the process of pouring liquid crystals into two planes with fine grooves, where the grooves on these two planes are perpendicular to each other (intersecting at 90 degrees). That is to say, if molecules on one plane are arranged in a north-south direction, then molecules on another plane are arranged in an east-west direction. And molecules located between two planes are forced into a 90 degree twisting state.
Due to the propagation of light along the direction of molecular arrangement, the light is also twisted 90 degrees when passing through a liquid crystal. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal molecules will rotate, changing the light transmittance and achieving multi grayscale display.
LCD is usually composed of two polarizers that are perpendicular to each other. The polarizer acts like a fence, blocking the light wave components according to requirements, such as blocking the light wave components perpendicular to the polarizer fence, and only allowing the light wave components parallel to the fence to pass through.
Natural light diverges randomly in all directions, and under normal circumstances, two perpendicular polarizers should block all attempts to penetrate natural light. However, due to the distortion of liquid crystals between the two polarizers. So after the light passes through the first polarizer, it will be twisted 90 degrees by the liquid crystal molecules and finally pass through the second polarizer.
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