TFT-LCD, also known as thin-film field-effect transistor LCD, is a type of active matrix type liquid crystal display (AM-LCD). It has advantages such as low power consumption, long lifespan, high brightness, and high contrast. Here, the high brightness display screen manufacturer's editor will tell you about the development history of TFT-LCD screens.
1、 TFT-LCD Historical Review
In 1888, Austrian botanist F During the observation of plant crystallization characteristics, Reinitzer discovered that if the temperature was raised to 145 ℃, the crystals would appear white, while when heated to 172 ℃, they would appear transparent After conducting research, Lehmann named it liquid crystal, marking the beginning of liquid crystal display technology. In terms of driving, TFT-LCD has mainly gone through the development process of passive LCD display and active LCD display.
2、 The Technological Development Trends of TFT-LCD
The future development trend of TFT-LCD technology mainly manifests in high resolution, wide viewing angle, low cost, high brightness, and low power consumption.
high resolution
In order to achieve large-area high-resolution liquid crystal displays, high-performance switching components, low impedance metal materials, and high-precision processing techniques are generally required. The most researched and used material now is aluminum.
In May 1988, IBM utilized A1 Nd alloy as the gate electrode to develop a 16.3-inch ultra-high resolution (200ppi) a-Si TFT-LCD, which has been mass-produced.
In April 1999, Toshiba launched a 20.8-inch 16-SVGA (3200X2400) a-Si TFT-LCD, which can be said to represent the highest level of a-Si TFT-LCD in terms of high resolution and high capacity.

Another important way to achieve high-resolution liquid crystal displays is to develop LTp SiTFT technology. As of now, the resolution of published p-Si TFT-LCD products is generally around 200ppi. Compared with a-Si TFT-LCD, LT p-Si TFT-LCD has a relatively small volume of Bo film transistor and storage capacitor. It is precisely because of this that it has a stronger penetration area per inch, resulting in a brighter display screen and more energy-efficient.
Wide viewing angle
Visual angle refers to the angle between the line of sight and the plane perpendicular to the screen when a contrast CR ≥ 10 can be seen exactly. With the continuous development of LCD display technology, wide-angle mode has now become a goal pursued by the industry. At present, the mainstream TFT-LCD wide-angle technologies mainly include VA, TN+Film, IPS, and FFS technologies.
In 1973, RA Soref from the United States first proposed the concept of lateral electric field driving in the IPS mode.
In 1992, G Baur from Germany pointed out that IPS is beneficial for improving the viewing angle characteristics of LCDs.
In 1995, M Oh-e and others from Hitachi began researching the application of IPS to TFT-LCD panels, and successfully developed the first IPS panel product the following year, marking the beginning of the widespread application of IPS technology.
In 1997, S Aratani et al. proposed the S-IPS mode, which greatly improved the problem of color difference, making S-IPS a superior wide-angle technology with low color difference and wide viewing angle.
In 2003, Y Nakayoshi et al. developed a liquid crystal panel equipped with AS-IPS technology, which can increase the penetration rate of S-IPS by about 30%.
In 2006, Lin Junxiong and others from Hanyu Color Crystal Company in Taiwan successfully developed the IPS panel of AS-NOOC based on AS-IPS. The light transmittance was improved by about 10.8% compared to AS-IPS, and the viewing angle exceeded 176 °. At the same time, it also has excellent performance such as lower cost, better color, and stability. At present, IPS mode has become one of the best modes for TFT-LCD to achieve wide viewing angle effects.
With the continuous growth and development of the LCD industry, LCD displays represented by TFT-LCD have replaced CRT as the mainstream in the display field. At the same time, TFT-LCD display technology, as the core and pillar of the electronic information industry, is driving the vigorous development of new equipment, new materials, system applications, and intelligent software with its significant driving effect and wide radiation range.
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